Effects of laser on subdermal fat tissue

Dr Serge Mordon, INSERM, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France et al. Histological Evaluation of Laser Lipolysis: Pulsed 1064 nm Nd:YAG Laser Versus CW 980 nm Diode Laser
After adequate anaesthetic infiltration, through the insertion of a 1 mm calibre flexible cannula in the fat tissue, the laser power is transmitted to the adipocytes so that they absorb the power, expand in volume and then break.

Dr Ana Zulmira et al, Aesth.Plast.Surg.29:281-286,2005
Dr Ana Zulmira performed a trial treating flanks with liposculpture combining subdermal delivery of Neodymium:YAG at 4 watts, 20 Hz and 150 milli joules per pulse and 1064 nm wavelength, with total power emissions of 1,000 and 3,000 joules in two different areas of one side and no laser on the opposite side.

Dr M. Giuliani, L. Di Marzio, B. Cinue, G. Zocali , M.G. Cifone, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Italy
Necrosis and apoptosis are the two mechanisms of cell damage that cause diverse morphologic alterations, incidences and mechanisms. The stages of tissue necrosis are: membrane disruption, respiratory toxins and hypoxia that cause a decrease in ATP, followed by metabolic collapse, cellular swelling and cellular destruction.

Dr Geronemus
With Neodymium:YAG in 300 micron fibre in the 1 mm microcannula for an estimated area of 100 cm3, Kim and Geronemus performed a safety and efficacy study with laser lipolysis at 6 W. They found this technique to be safe and interesting associated with tumescent infiltration by peristaltic pump for areas that traditionally have difficulty in eliminating fat through conventional liposuction such back rolls, arms or gynaecomastia.

Alberto Goldman, Md, Diego Schavelzon, Md, Guillermo S. Blugerman, Md: Lipoaspiration with Nd:YAG Laser, Revista Sociedad Brasileña da Laser 2 (5) 15
This technique aims at eliminating the localised adipocytes without the need for fat aspiration as it is destroyed inside the tissue according to the specific effects of these lasers.

Dr Kota Ichikawa et al. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine 36:43-46 (2005)
Freshly excised human skin and subcutaneous fat tissue were irradiated with the pulsed Neodymium:YAG Deka laser; a 1064 nm laser at 40 Hz and 150 mJ and 100 microseconds-long pulses were used.

Dr G. Khoury, R. Saluja, Dr Keel, Dr Detwiler and Dr Goldman. Histological Evaluation of Interstitial Lipolysis comparing a 1064, 1320 and 2100 nm laser in an ex vivo model. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine 40:402-406 (2008)
The purpose of this study is to compare the histological effects on ex vivo human fat tissue using three separate wavelengths of laser light at three different energy levels of 1064, 1320 and 2100 nm. Nine samples of freshly harvested abdominal subcutaneous tissue were tumesced and then cannulated in a single tunnel in the fat tissue with each type of laser attempting to reproduce the same parameters and studying the tissues with hematoxylin eosin staining. Results showed evident heat damage in the fibrous septa with partial lysis in the fat cells.

Dan Mon O’Dey, A. Prescher, R. Poprawe, S.Gaus, S.Stanzel, N. Pallua. Ablative Targeting of Fatty-Tissue Using a High Powered Diode Laser. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine 40:100-105 (2008)
The aim of this study is to evaluate the thermal effects of the interaction of fat tissue of a laser delivery within the near-infrared and in reproducible situations.